Prison reflects the society in which it is situated, since it depends on the correctional system and social belief. Studying the various penitentiary systems, from the toughest to the most resilient, the principle of the institution of prison has the same character. It expresses the primary need of societies for the maintenance of security and the administration of justice. The prison building is characterized by a variety and complexity of spaces, functions and users. It raises social, functional and psychological issues that are important for its effectiveness.

The purpose of this research work is to understand what the purpose of the prison is and how much it actually responds to it. How architecture contributes to achieving prison goals and how it creates spaces for reformation. Particular emphasis is also placed on how the prison is being able to reshape the prisoner and facilitate reintegration into society by posing social, functional and psychological issues. To this end, the creation of prisons in western societies from the 18th century to the present is being studied, and our country is also mentioned.