This study is about the ways we can ensure thermal comfort at urban out-door places. The factors which affect thermal comfort are dependent on the individual ( clothing, activity, adaptation ) but also on the bioclimatic urban design. Thermal comfort depends on the local climatic characteristics of each area, like direction and speed of the wind, the sun, on the town planning ( the orientation of blocks, the width of streets, the average height of buildings, the existence of places with water, the green spaces and the materials ) but also on the geographical and topographic characteristics of the area ( the existence of mountain or sea, the gradient, the latitude and the height of the sun ).
The speed and the direction of air affect the ventilation of the city. Balanced urban patterns of streets and blocks can be oriented and sized to integrate concerns for light, sun, shade and wind. Surfaces with water can counterbalance the temperature of open spaces and increase the percentage of humidity. The right use of trees and plants can shade and ensure ventilation during the day and the whole year, decrease the temperature and regulate the speed of the air, decrease the urban noise and absorb the pollutant substances. With the suitable use of materials the increase and the decrease of temperature are reached, but also the avoidance of reflection. Finally, with the appropriate study of the sun movement and considering the land survey and the climatic conditions of the area we can predict which are the most desirable places for the placement of a city.
It is imperative to take immediate action so that thermal comfort can be ensured, our environment protected and the quality of our lives improved.