Theatre is an art inextricably related to the city and the audience it serves. It is a live event that puts performers and spectators in an affecting relationship. City, as a dynamic system, produces images and stories of realities that lead on its analysis and description in dramatic terms. Dramaturgical analysis of city life examine social interaction as a theatrical performance that produces new urban phenomena. Urban performances in public space are based on sociological and psychological theories. Contemporary theatre practices have abolished the separation between performers’ space and audience space, transforming spectators into social observers. The history of drama in ancient Greece and Medieval period, proves theatre’s close relation to urban environments and the people. Avant-garde theatre tends to create a more active relationship with the audience, compared to typical dramatic forms. Focusing on theatre and the city of the 21th century, in this study are analyzed theatre practices of the last ten years, in European cities, especially in Athens. Performing arts have explored urban practices as a way to transform the blurred boundaries between theatre stage and what is called “public space”. According to the architectural space in which the performances take place, the paradigms can be described in five categories: the residence, the market, the passage, the monument and the square. City infrastructure is turned into a site of artistic investigation. Contemporary dramaturgy uses different forms of expression and exploration of urban environments that evaluate the argument that cities are “live performances”.